當恒(heng)(heng)溫恒(heng)(heng)濕(shi)試(shi)驗(yan)箱制冷(leng)，加熱和恒(heng)(heng)濕(shi)不準(zhun)時需要？的(de)狀況怎么樣客(ke)戶經常會遇(yu)到恒(heng)(heng)溫恒(heng)(heng)濕(shi)試(shi)驗(yan)箱不制冷(leng)的(de)狀況，所以今天就(jiu)這個問題一(yi)起來研究和探討下：

原因一：

1.由于是溫(wen)度保持(chi)不(bu)住，觀察制(zhi)冷壓縮(suo)(suo)機在試驗箱運行(xing)過(guo)程中是否能夠啟動(dong)，壓縮(suo)(suo)機在環(huan)境(jing)試驗設備運行(xing)過(guo)程中都(dou)能夠啟動(dong)，說(shuo)明從主(zhu)電(dian)源到各壓縮(suo)(suo)機的電(dian)器線路正常，電(dian)器系(xi)統方面也沒有問題。

1. 電氣(qi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)沒有問題，繼續(xu)檢(jian)(jian)查制(zhi)冷系(xi)(xi)統(tong)。首先檢(jian)(jian)查兩組(zu)制(zhi)冷機組(zu)的低溫（R23）級(ji)壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)機的排氣(qi)和吸(xi)氣(qi)壓(ya)(ya)力都較(jiao)正常值(zhi)偏低，而且(qie)吸(xi)氣(qi)壓(ya)(ya)力呈抽空狀態，說明主制(zhi)冷(leng)機組的制(zhi)冷(leng)劑(ji)量不足。

3.用手摸(mo)主(zhu)機(ji)組R23壓縮機(ji)的排氣(qi)和吸氣(qi)管(guan)路，發現排氣(qi)管(guan)路的溫度不(bu)高(gao)，吸氣(qi)管(guan)路的溫度也不(bu)低(di)（未(wei)結霜(shuang)），這也說明了主(zhu)機(ji)組的R23制冷劑缺乏。

原因二：

1.未確定故(gu)障(zhang)原因(yin)，結(jie)合試(shi)驗(yan)箱(xiang)的控(kong)制(zhi)過程進(jin)一步確認故(gu)障(zhang)原因(yin)，該試(shi)驗(yan)箱(xiang)擁有兩(liang)套制(zhi)冷(leng)機(ji)組。

2.一(yi)(yi)為主(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)，另一(yi)(yi)為輔(fu)助(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)，在(zai)降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)速(su)率較大時，兩組(zu)(zu)(zu)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)同(tong)時工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，在(zai)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)保持階(jie)段初期(qi)，兩組(zu)(zu)(zu)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)依然(ran)同(tong)時工(gong)(gong)(gong)作。待溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)初步穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)下來(lai)，輔(fu)助(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)停止(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，由主(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)來(lai)維(wei)持溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)的穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)。如果主(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)R23泄(xie)(xie)露，會(hui)使主(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的制冷(leng)效果不大，由于(yu)降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)過程中，兩機(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)同(tong)時工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，故(gu)沒(mei)有(you)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)不住的現(xian)象(xiang)，而(er)指示降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)速(su)率降低。在(zai)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)保持階(jie)段，一(yi)(yi)旦輔(fu)助(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)停止(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，主(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)又(you)無制冷(leng)作用，試驗箱內(nei)的空(kong)氣(qi)就會(hui)緩慢上(shang)升，當溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)上(shang)升到一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)程度(du)(du)，控制系統(tong)就會(hui)啟動輔(fu)助(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)來(lai)降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)，將溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)下降至設定(ding)(ding)值（-55℃）附近，然(ran)后輔(fu)助(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)又(you)停止(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，如此反復，便會(hui)出(chu)現(xian)如圖(tu)3所示的故(gu)障現(xian)象(xiang)。至此，已確認生產故(gu)障的原(yuan)因是(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)（R23）級(ji)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的制冷(leng)劑(ji)R23泄(xie)(xie)漏(lou)(lou)。對制冷(leng)系統(tong)進行(xing)查漏(lou)(lou)，用檢(jian)漏(lou)(lou)儀和(he)肥(fei)皂(zao)水相結(jie)合的方法檢(jian)查，發現(xian)一(yi)(yi)熱氣(qi)旁通電(dian)磁(ci)閥的閥桿裂(lie)了約1cm的細縫(feng)。更換(huan)此電(dian)磁(ci)閥，對系統(tong)重新充氟，系統(tong)運(yun)行(xing)正(zheng)常。由于(yu)上(shang)文可以(yi)看出(chu)，對該故(gu)障現(xian)象(xiang)的分(fen)析和(he)判斷基本上(shang)是(shi)有(you)易(yi)至難，先(xian)外"后里"，先(xian)電(dian)氣(qi)"后制冷(leng)"的脈絡進行(xing)分(fen)析和(he)判斷的，熟(shu)悉和(he)了解(jie)試驗箱的原(yuan)理和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作過程是(shi)分(fen)析故(gu)障判斷故(gu)障的基礎。

用觀寞潔判斷(duan)恒溫(wen)(wen)(wen)恒濕(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)是(shi)否泄漏(lou)當恒溫(wen)(wen)(wen)恒濕(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室缺氟時，制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)工作便會不(bu)正(zheng)常(chang)，導致壓縮機啟動頻繁。若(ruo)發現(xian)恒溫(wen)(wen)(wen)恒濕(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凍室內壁無(wu)霜(shuang)（單、雙(shuang)門直冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)式恒溫(wen)(wen)(wen)恒濕(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室正(zheng)常(chang)時應(ying)有霜(shuang)），或無(wu)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)氣(qi)(qi)（雙(shuang)門間冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)式恒溫(wen)(wen)(wen)恒濕(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室無(wu)霜(shuang)但(dan)有冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)氣(qi)(qi)），即表明制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)不(bu)足。在(zai)恒溫(wen)(wen)(wen)恒濕(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室正(zheng)常(chang)運(yun)轉時，冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝器的(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度應(ying)自上而下逐漸降低，用手摸(mo)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝器管(guan)路（內藏式冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝器可摸(mo)后背或兩側），若(ruo)手感(gan)發熱為正(zheng)常(chang)的(de)；若(ruo)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝器不(bu)熱（與室溫(wen)(wen)(wen)相同）則表明制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)不(bu)足。更(geng)換(huan)(huan)(huan)恒溫(wen)(wen)(wen)恒濕(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)部(bu)件(jian)應(ying)遵循原(yuan)則在(zai)更(geng)換(huan)(huan)(huan)恒溫(wen)(wen)(wen)恒濕(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)部(bu)件(jian)時應(ying)首先(xian)考(kao)慮(lv)用原(yuan)型號(hao)更(geng)換(huan)(huan)(huan)，若(ruo)役有原(yuan)型號(hao)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)部(bu)件(jian)，則應(ying)考(kao)慮(lv)用型號(hao)相似的(de)恒溫(wen)(wen)(wen)恒濕(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)部(bu)件(jian)進行更(geng)換(huan)(huan)(huan)。在(zai)更(geng)換(huan)(huan)(huan)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)部(bu)件(jian)時應(ying)遵循以下原(yuan)則：

（1）AP制冷系統全封(feng)閉式壓(ya)縮(suo)機的(de)更換(huan)原則：首先要看壓(ya)縮(suo)機的(de)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)，若役有相同(tong)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)的(de)壓(ya)縮(suo)機，應選(xuan)擇功(gong)(gong)率(lv)不超過原恒溫恒濕實驗室(shi)制冷系統壓(ya)縮(suo)機功(gong)(gong)率(lv)＊10％的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)縮(suo)機(ji)更換。若更換后的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)縮(suo)機(ji)比原(yuan)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)小，應(ying)適(shi)(shi)當截去一段毛細(xi)管(guan)，反之應(ying)適(shi)(shi)當加長(chang)毛細(xi)管(guan)，同時也要(yao)(yao)減少(shao)或增加制(zhi)冷劑的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)注(zhu)量。更換后壓(ya)縮(suo)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)冷劑應(ying)與恒溫恒濕實驗室制(zhi)冷系統原(yuan)壓(ya)縮(suo)機(ji)相同，否(fou)則客易損壞制(zhi)冷部件，因為不同制(zhi)冷劑對(dui)潤滑油的(de)(de)(de)(de)性能要(yao)(yao)求及(ji)電機(ji)漆包(bao)線的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求均不同。同時還(huan)要(yao)(yao)注(zhu)意壓(ya)縮(suo)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)額定(ding)電壓(ya)。

（2）恒溫(wen)恒濕實驗室(shi)制冷系(xi)統冷凝(ning)器(qi)(qi)的更換(huan)：冷凝(ning)器(qi)(qi)有內(nei)藏(zang)式和外置(zhi)式兩種(zhong)。內(nei)藏(zang)式冷凝(ning)器(qi)(qi)安裝(zhuang)在冰箱的左右側或后(hou)側，與箱體發泡保溫(wen)層(ceng)連成一體。若(ruo)這種(zhong)冷凝(ning)器(qi)(qi)發生泄漏應改裝(zhuang)成外置(zhi)式的冷凝(ning)器(qi)(qi)。外置(zhi)式冷凝(ning)器(qi)(qi)選擇較大（后(hou)側尺寸為準）的鋼絲(si)管式冷凝(ning)器(qi)(qi)。

（3）恒溫恒濕實驗室制冷系統蒸發器的更換原則：恒溫恒濕實驗室的蒸發器的類型多種多樣，有吹脹式、翅片管式等。這些蒸發器絕大多數是鋁制品，其損壞的可能性較大。有些蒸發器（翅片管式）更換比較方便，而鑲嵌在發泡層內的蒸發器（如吹脹式）拆卸更換就比較麻煩，若該類蒸發器損壞時應廢棄不用，改用另外一只規格相近的蒸發器安裝在合適的位置即可。以）細管的更換原則：APKJ毛(mao)細管(guan)是制冷系統中重要的部件(jian)，它是一(yi)根細長(chang)紫銅管(guan)，其內徑一(yi)般(ban)為0．4～1mm，安裝在干燥過濾(lv)器和蒸發(fa)器之(zhi)間，毛細管客(ke)易發(fa)生的是堵(du)塞(sai)故(gu)障(zhang)，若遇到(dao)該類故(gu)障(zhang)時不能(neng)隨意截斷(duan)毛細管，若無法用氣流排出(chu)堵(du)塞(sai)物(wu)時應更換新毛細管。

（4）換新(xin)毛(mao)(mao)細管(guan)時應注意(yi)原毛(mao)(mao)細管(guan)內徑(jing)和(he)長度，不得隨意(yi)改變其內徑(jing)和(he)長度，更換后還必須(xu)試機觀察(cha)，若(ruo)效果不佳應根據實際(ji)情況(kuang)進行處(chu)理。

（5）制(zhi)冷(leng)系統干燥(zao)過濾器(qi)的更(geng)(geng)換(huan)原則：由于過濾器(qi)是(shi)用來吸收制(zhi)冷(leng)劑中的雜(za)質和水分(fen)的，所以更(geng)(geng)換(huan)時應注意，在打開其包裝袋后應盡快地焊接，以防空(kong)氣中的水分(fen)進入，影響制(zhi)冷(leng)效果。

當恒溫恒濕試驗箱制(zhi)冷(leng)，加熱和恒濕不準時需要(yao)？怎么樣如上文為(wei)詳細。